What is the pathophysiology of duodenal atresia?

In duodenal atresia, the amniotic fluid that is swallowed by the fetus is prevented from moving distally to be absorbed by the fetal gastrointestinal tract and transferred to the maternal circulation through the placenta. Rather it is refluxed back into the amniotic fluid.

What is recanalization of duodenum?

Recanalization of the common duct frequently appears with two lumina and openings into the duodenum with two orifices. These two major canals create a narrow segment of the duodenum and this narrow zone is the area in the duodenum that is most prone to faulty recanalization and atresia formation.

Does duodenal atresia cause Polyhydramnios?

Before birth During pregnancy, duodenal atresia causes extra amniotic fluid to build up. This is known as polyhydramnios. This is because your baby cannot get the fluid from the stomach to the intestine.

What causes duodenal atresia?

Duodenal atresia can develop from congenital abnormalities that cause either an overgrowth of cells or a lack of blood supply to the duodenum. Duodenal atresia is associated with Trisomy 21, also known as Down syndrome, as well as other intestinal atresias.

What causes narrowing of the duodenum?

The duodenum can be obstructed due to tissue damage, peptic ulcers, birth defects, or benign or malignant growths. The condition results in: Accumulation of food, gas, and gastric juices above the point of obstruction.

What causes duodenal narrowing?

The embryologic cause of duodenal stenosis and atresia is thought to be a failure of recanalization. The formation of the hepatobiliary system and pancreas occurs in the third week of gestation, when the second portion of the duodenum gives rise to biliary and pancreatic buds at the junction of the foregut and midgut.

Is duodenal atresia life threatening?

For babies who do not receive treatment for duodenal atresia, it can be deadly. Babies who have surgery to correct the condition typically have excellent outcomes. Some babies have other conditions associated with duodenal atresia, such as Down syndrome.

What causes congenital duodenal atresia?

What heart defect is associated with duodenal atresia?

We present a prenatally suspected case of duodenal atresia which was associated with malrotation and atrial septal defect in a patient of Down syndrome.

Why duodenal atresia cause bilious vomiting?

Duodenal atresia may result in either a membranous or interrupted-type lesion that is located at the level of the papilla of Vater. In 80 percent of these patients, the papilla of Vater opens into the proximal duodenum, accounting for the bilious nature of the vomiting.

Are there any medical problems associated with duodenal atresia?

Esophageal atresia and the VACTERL (ie, vertebral defects, anal atresia, cardiac defects, tracheoesophageal fistula with esophageal atresia, renal anomalies, and limb [radial] abnormalities) syndrome have also been associated with duodenal atresia. [ 6] Hence, all neonates with duodenal atresia should be assessed for concomitant malformations.

Which is the best treatment for pediatric duodenal atresia?

Pediatric duodenal atresia. Incision for duodenal exposure. Next, mobilize the duodenum using the Kocher maneuver. For type I atresia, advancing an orogastric (OG) or feeding tube is helpful to determine the location of the obstruction without opening the stomach. The stomach and proximal duodenum are often thickened and dilated.

How many patients have trisomy 21 duodenal atresia?

Approximately 50% of patients with duodenal atresias have some form of anomaly (eg, cardiac, anorectal, or genitourinary), and as many as 40% have trisomy 21. [ 3, 4, 5]

How is a diamond shaped duodenal atresia diagnosed?

Pediatric duodenal atresia. Diamond-shaped duodenoduodenostomy. In patients with a duodenal web, the surgeon can identify the site of the web’s origin by passing the OG tube through the pylorus into the duodenum and noting the indentation of the duodenal wall caused by tenting of the web prior to opening the bowel.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2g7LqCOqq7M