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What is a dermal sinus tract?

What is a dermal sinus tract?

A dermal sinus tract is an abnormality present at birth over the dorsal midline where an abnormal epithelialised connection from the skin tracks inwards towards the spine, most commonly seen in the lumbosacral region (box 1).1 It is a form of spinal dysraphism, an umbrella term for various abnormalities in the spinal …

What causes dermal sinus tract?

Dermal sinuses are congenital malformation, which are the subtype of occult spinal dysraphism. They are result from incomplete separation of epithelial and neural ectoderm. Failed disjunction causes persistent tract line between the skin and deeper tissues. Most of cases are located at the lumbosacral region.

What is dorsal dermal sinus tract?

Dorsal dermal sinus is an epithelium-lined tract from the skin to the spinal cord, cauda equina, or arachnoid as in a form of spinal dysraphism.

What is spinal sinus?

Spinal dermal sinus tracts consist of an epithelial-lined tract extending from the skin surface to the spinal fascia, dura mater, or spinal cord. These lesions may be found anywhere along the midline of the neural axis. They result from abnormal ectodermal adhesion of the neural tube to the dermis.

What is perineal sinus tract?

Perineal sinus is a discharging blind end track that extends from the skin to an underlying area or abscess cavity (1). The commonest cause of abscess formation is the presence of underlying infection. Frequently sinuses are formed due to the presence of foreign body such as hair as in the case of pilonidal sinus.

Are sacral dimples painful?

If it becomes infected, it can become swollen and cause pain. Sometimes pus and blood will ooze from the cyst. A sacral dimple is something you’re born with and a pilonidal cyst is something that develops after birth.

Do sacral dimples go away?

Most sacral dimples are completely harmless and do not require treatment.

What is sacral sinus?

A sacral dimple is an indentation, present at birth, in the skin on the lower back. It’s usually located just above the crease between the buttocks.

What is congenital sinus?

A congenital dermal sinus is a scaly, multi-layered channel of tissue found along the body’s midline anywhere between the nasal bridge and the tailbone. The tract may end just below the skin surface or may extend to portions of the spinal cord, skull base or nasal cavity.

What is in a sinus tract?

A sinus is a tract leading from a skin or mucous surface to a deep-seated focus of suppuration, a vestigial structure or to aberrant secreting tissue; it may result from an acute or chronic abscess and may be associated with any of the organisms of suppuration.

Where does ultrasound show the dorsal dermal sinus?

ultrasound can show the entire length of the tract from the skin to the spinal cord. the tract can be difficult to identify within the subcutaneous fat. the tract is clearly demonstrated in the anechoic, cerebrospinal fluid–filled subarachnoid space as an echogenic structure.

What causes a dimple in the dorsal dermal sinus?

Pathology. Dorsal dermal sinus is caused by incomplete separation of the superficial ectoderm from the neural ectoderm, resulting in a focal segmental adhesion. Later during embryogenesis, the spinal cord ascends relative to the spinal canal and stretches the adhesion into a long, tubular tract. Dorsal dermal sinus manifests as a small dimple…

How does magnetic resonance image show the dermal sinus tract?

Magnetic resonance image of patient’s lumbosacral spine, sagittal T1+gadolinium contrast enhancement with a multiplanar reconstruction to visualise the dermal sinus tract (red arrow) connecting the skin to the dura What is a dermal sinus tract?

What makes up the dermal sinus tract and spinal cord?

Diagram of normal disjunction of the cutaneous ectoderm and neural ectoderm to form the skin and spinal cord separately (A-E) versus the formation of a dermal sinus tract (A-C, F, G) (modified from Morioka et al 4 ). The neural plate comprises continous neural ectoderm between cutaneous ectoderm (A).