What are organotin compounds used for?

Organotin compounds are widely applied as pesticides; as preservatives of wood, paper, textiles, leather, and glass; in heat/light protection of PVC plastics; and in antifouling paints. The use of dialkyltin compounds can cause hepatotoxicity, whereas trialkyltin compounds can cause neurotoxicity.

How do you make organotin compounds?

On the industrial scale, organotin compounds are usually prepared by alkylation of SnCl4 with organo-magnesium or -aluminum compounds. Grignard reagents, RMgX, are prepared from the metal and an alkyl or aryl halide and need large volumes of solvent and are expensive.

What are reagents in organic chemistry?

In organic chemistry, the term “reagent” denotes a chemical ingredient (a compound or mixture, typically of inorganic or small organic molecules) introduced to cause the desired transformation of an organic substance. Examples include the Collins reagent, Fenton’s reagent, and Grignard reagents.

Where are organotin compounds found?

Commonly found in: Plastics, inks, paints and heat transfer material, silicone may contain organotin compounds because they are used as catalysts during production.

What is meant by organotin compound?

Organotin compounds or stannanes are chemical compounds based on tin with hydrocarbon substituents. Organotin chemistry is part of the wider field of organometallic chemistry. The area grew rapidly in the 1900s, especially after the discovery of the Grignard reagents, which are useful for producing Sn-C bonds.

Why are organotin compounds toxic?

Inhaling tin as dust or fumes may cause a benign pneumoconiosis in exposed workers. The organotin compounds can be divided into alkyltin and aryltin compounds. The trimethyl and triethyltin compounds are well absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract and are the most toxic in this group.

How many types of reagents are there in organic chemistry?

There are basically two types of reagents used in organic chemistry, the electrophiles and nucleophiles.

Which compound is highly versatile reagent for organic synthesis?

Thexylborane-A Highly Versatile Reagent for Organic Synthesis via Hydroboration.

Are organotin compounds poisonous?

The toxicity of inorganic tin after inhalation and ingestion is low. Some of the organotin compounds can be quite toxic causing neurotoxicity, hepatotoxicity, renal toxicity or dermal toxicity (1). The organotins can be classified into two groups based on their use.