When an NPN transistor is used as a switch?

The transistor is off when there’s no bias voltage or when the bias voltage is less than 0.7 V. The switch is on when the base is saturated so that collector current can flow without restriction. This is a schematic diagram for a circuit that uses an NPN transistor as a switch that turns an LED on or off.

What is NPN switching?

With respect to sensors, an NPN device is one that can switch the negative side of the circuit while a PNP device switches the positive side. NPN sensors are sometime called “sinking sensors” because they sink ground to the output. The term “load” identifies the device the sensor powers.

How do I choose the right transistor?

In choosing a suitable switching transistor:

1. The transistor’s maximum collector current must be greater than the load current.
2. The transistor’s maximum current gain must be at least 5 times the load current divided by the maximum output current from the IC.

Which type of transistor is most commonly used?

The MOSFET is by far the most widely used transistor for both digital circuits as well as analog circuits, accounting for 99.9% of all transistors in the world. The bipolar junction transistor (BJT) was previously the most commonly used transistor during the 1950s to 1960s.

Why do we use transistor as a switch?

Transistor as a Switch Summary Transistor switches can be used to switch and control lamps, relays or even motors. Transistors that are fully “OFF” are said to be in their Cut-off region. When using the transistor as a switch, a small Base current controls a much larger Collector load current.

Why NPN is better than PNP transistor?

A NPN transistor has electrons as majority charge carriers whereas the PNP transistor has holes as majority charge carrier. The mobility of electrons is better than mobility of holes. mobility of electrons is more than hole,so as a result npn transistor are faster than pnp that’s why they are preferred..

Is transistor on switch good?

Transistor is a relatively linear experience, oriented around the arena-style brawls that take place every couple of minutes with another band of Process. Either way is a perfectly suitable means of playing through Transistor and the system does a great job of rewarding experimentation.

What does an NPN transistor do?

The NPN transistor is designed to pass electrons from the emitter to the collector (so conventional current flows from collector to emitter). The emitter “emits” electrons into the base, which controls the number of electrons the emitter emits.

What’s the difference between a transistor and a NPN switch?

The equations for calculating the Base resistance, Collector current and voltages are exactly the same as for the previous NPN transistor switch. The difference this time is that we are switching power with a PNP transistor (sourcing current) instead of switching ground with an NPN transistor (sinking current).

Can a transistor be used as a positive ground switch?

It is also possible to use an NPN transistor if a positive ground configuration is needed. The basic NPN transistor switching circuit is similar to the Common Emitter circuit with the difference of turning the transistor fully OFF or fully ON.

What does a low side transistor switch mean?

Low-side transistor configuration When the transistor is connected to ground, that means the load is between +V and the transistor. Since the transistor is switching the path to ground or is sitting on the low side of the load, it is called a low side switch. Typically these use an NPN BJT or an N-Channel MOSFET.

What makes a PNP a high side transistor?

High-Side Transistors (Note the FET has a Pull-Up resistor.) For a PNP BJT, the emitter connects to the voltage source, while the collector connects to the load’s positive side. Looking at the schematic drawing for an NPN and PNP, the PNP might look like it is upside down.