What transcription factors do?

Transcription factors are proteins involved in the process of converting, or transcribing, DNA into RNA. Transcription factors include a wide number of proteins, excluding RNA polymerase, that initiate and regulate the transcription of genes. Regulation of transcription is the most common form of gene control.

What is transcription in plant?

Plant transcription factors contain a variety of structural motifs that allow for binding to specific DNA sequences. Most of these DNA-binding domains were first identified in transcription factors isolated in animal/yeast systems. Structure of the bZIP motif of the yeast GCN4 protein bound to DNA.

Is RNA polymerase a transcription factor?

The enzyme RNA polymerase, which makes a new RNA molecule from a DNA template, must attach to the DNA of the gene. They are part of the cell’s core transcription toolkit, needed for the transcription of any gene. RNA polymerase binds to a promoter with help from a set of proteins called general transcription factors.

Are transcription factors enzymes?

Transcription factor, molecule that controls the activity of a gene by determining whether the gene’s DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) is transcribed into RNA (ribonucleic acid). The enzyme RNA polymerase catalyzes the chemical reactions that synthesize RNA, using the gene’s DNA as a template.

How many transcription factors are in Arabidopsis?

1500 transcription factors
Arabidopsis dedicates over 5% of its genome to code for more than 1500 transcription factors, about 45% of which are from families specific to plants.

Is p21 a transcription factor?

p21 is also a p53 target gene that plays a relevant role in p53-induced cell cycle arrest [9], [10], [11]. Finally, p21 has been implicated in the control of transcription, through mechanisms that may be coupled to its CDK inhibition activity but also by direct association and modulation of transcription factors.

What kind of transcription factors are found in plants?

A typical plant transcription factor contains, with few exceptions, a DNA-binding region, an oligomerization site, a transcription-regulation domain, and a nuclear localization signal. Most transcription factors exhibit only one type of DNA-binding and oligomerization domain, occasionally in multiple copies, but some contain two distinct types.

How are transcription factors involved in the whole life process?

In the whole life process, many factors including external and internal factors affect plant growth and development. The morphogenesis, growth, and development of plants are controlled by genetic elements and are influenced by environmental stress. Transcription factors contain one or more specific …

How are AP2 / ERF super-family transcription factors in plants?

Advances in AP2/ERF super-family transcription factors in plant In the whole life process, many factors including external and internal factors affect plant growth and development. The morphogenesis, growth, and development of plants are controlled by genetic elements and are influenced by environmental stress.

What is the function of the DOF transcription factor?

The Dof transcription factor family is a major family of plant transcription factors containing the Dof (DNA-binding one finger) domain, which probably forms a zinc (Zn) finger. Dof transcription factors are ubiquitous across the plant kingdom but not present in animals or yeast.