What are common IV fluids used in paediatrics?

The preferred fluid type for IV maintenance is sodium chloride 0.9% with glucose 5%

• Plasma-Lyte 148 with glucose 5% (contains 5 mmol/L of potassium) – generally stocked in tertiary paediatric centres and intensive care.
• Hartmann’s with glucose 5%

How do you calculate Paediatric maintenance fluids?

1. For infants 3.5 to 10 kg the daily fluid requirement is 100 mL/kg.
2. For children 11-20 kg the daily fluid requirement is 1000 mL + 50 mL/kg for every kg over 10.
3. For children >20 kg the daily fluid requirement is 1500 mL + 20 mL/kg for every kg over 20, up to a maximum of 2400 mL daily.

What IV fluid is most appropriate for a maintenance fluid for a pediatric patient?

For most children, a 5% dextrose solution with 0.2% sodium chloride provides the estimated needs of sodium when used as a maintenance fluid. However, there has been recent attention in the literature to the potential for causing hyponatremia when using 0.2% sodium chloride.

How do children prescribe fluids?

Daily maintenance fluids beyond the neonatal period are calculated depending on a child’s weight and are prescribed in ml/hr.

1. For every kg up to 10kg = 100ml/kg/day.
2. For every kg between 10 and 20kg  = 50ml/kg/day.
3. For every kg over 20kg = 20ml/kg/day.

What type of fluid should be given to a dehydrated child?

Severe dehydration should be treated with intravenous fluids until the patient is stabilized (i.e., circulating blood volume is restored). Treatment should include 20 mL per kg of isotonic crystalloid (normal saline or lactated Ringer solution) over 10 to 15 minutes.

Why is saline used to treat dehydration?

There are different types of intravenous fluids used to treat dehydration. Normal saline contains sodium and chlorine, so it replaces lost fluid and prevents or corrects some types of electrolyte imbalances. We may also use a solution of dextrose and water to treat dehydration.

What is appropriate fluid resuscitation for a pediatric patient?

The recommended rate is 50 mL to 100 mL/kg over 2 to 4 hours for oral fluids. [10] It is recommended to use an oral rehydration solution rather than free water or commercial sports drink. [10] Nasogastric administration is another route for rehydration with similar rates and fluids recommended for oral administration.

What are maintenance IV fluids?

Maintenance IV fluids are appropriate for euvolemic medical and surgical patients who cannot take adequate enteral fluids. “Maintenance” = volume of fluid required to meet daily metabolic needs, such as normal water and electrolyte losses, and maintain homeostasis.

How is pediatric dehydration treated?

What is Pediatric saline?

Saline (0.9 % NaCl solution), or physiological or normal saline (as it is frequently called), is the most-used fluid in pediatrics as resuscitation or maintenance solution and as vehicle for the administration of drugs.

Is it bad to prescribe IV fluid for paediatric patients?

Intravenous (IV) fluids can be harmful in these patients and it is important that clinicians understand the principles of paediatric fluid prescription. This article will provide an overview of intravenous fluid prescribing in paediatrics.

How much fluid is in a paediatric fluid bag?

All paediatric fluid bags come in 500ml volumes as standard Maintenance fluids in children (except neonates) Fluid requirements Total daily fluid requirements (over 24 hours) 1 st 10kg of bodyweight 100ml/kg/day 2 nd 10kg of bodyweight 50ml/kg/day Remainder of bodyweight 20ml/kg/day Rate (ml/h) = total daily requirement ÷ 24 . Example: a 27kg

What kind of fluids do you give a child with hypoglycaemia?

Children requiring intravenous (IV) fluids should be administered fluids containing Glucose as children are at higher risk of hypoglycaemia and therefore the Glucose will meet some of their energy requirements. However, there may be different fluid types used depending upon the underlying medical condition.

When to use oral intravenous fluid in adults?

For adult patients, see the Geeky Medics guide to intravenous fluid prescribing in adults. Indications for IV fluid Where possible, oral fluids (e.g. oral rehydration solution) via the oral or nasogastric route should be used. However, there are certain situations where the oral route is contraindicated or impractical.