Okinawa OTEC Power Initialization Ceremony

IMG_8812_1June 16th marked the beginning of power generation at Kume Island‘s Ocean Thermal Energy Conversion Power Plant with a ceremony and visiting dignitaries from around Japan and the world.  The newly completed OTEC power plant will be able to generate up to 50 kilowatt hours of electricity from a thermal convection powered turbine.  The turbine is propelled by thermal variations provided by warm surface water and cold deep sea water.

IMG_9149This station is the first of its kind in the world, creating energy in a clean manner.  The mineral rich deep sea waters used by the plant can be used in a variety of industries, making the entire process more efficient and beneficial.  The station is part of the Okinawa Prefectural Deep Sea Water Research Institute, and as the goal of the institute is to research the deep sea water, the power plant’s primary role will be as a research and educational tool. Its construction has been part of a continuing dialog on clean energy between Kume Island, Okinawa, and the National Energy Laboratory of Hawaii Authority and their OTEC project.

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The ceremony marked the official start of power generation after initial testing and the first power generated in March of this year.  Starting at ten in the morning, visitors were invited to the Research Institute Grounds to view the OTEC plant, sample some of the many products made with deep sea water, and enjoy entertainment by artists from local to abroad.  The open fair was followed by a half-hour ceremony with speeches and messages that ended with the pushing of the ‘start’ button. Special guests included:

  • Aiko Shimajiri – Parliamentary Secretary of Cabinet Office and Ministry of Reconstruction from the House of Councilors
  • Akikazu Shimoji – Okinawa Commerce and Labor Department Industrial Development Supervising Officer
  • Yoshihisa Kawakami – The Okinawan Vice-Governor
  • Alfred Mageleby – Consul General form the American Consulate General Naha
  • Nonaka Tomoyo – Director of the Gaia Initiative 
  • Mark McGuffie – Managing Director of Enterprise Honolulu
  • Gregory Barbour – Executive Director of NELHA

IMG_9707These guests were all involved in different aspects of promoting the OTEC project on Kume Island in communicating with the Hawaii OTEC program.  This historic achievement will have an important role in the local economy and development of Kume Island and will be a key test of this clean energy technology for institutions around the world.

IMG_9463The official events ended with a reception before the nearby visitor’s center where more performances took place and several speakers were invited to share their thoughts on the OTEC start and future of the program. Keynote speaker Nonaka Tomoyo surprised Kume Island Mayor Taira with a proposal for creating free WiFi on the island, which the mayor was just able to avoid commenting on.  Though it was a positive proposal, the Mayor is limited in the ways he can promote growth on the small island.  Luckily, organizations like Gaia Initiative and the sister-city partnership with Hawaii County are providing knowledge and political support to help Kume Island grow technologically and economically.

The celebration will continue Monday with talks by people involved with OTEC.  The continued dialog between interested parties promotes new ideas and the sharing of vital information.

For the future, project supporters hope that the power plant will justify the creation of a new deep water pipeline and expanded capacity generators which will allow for more industries and power.  Both Hawaii and Kume Island will continue to communicate and share information that will help the different projects create new opportunities for efficient use of the deep sea water and OTEC power.

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Zao Machi, Miyagi

IMG_7293One of the great things about Japan is the diversity in local culture. Japan’s long and isolated history due to geography and limited transportation technologies has led to one of the most unique and recognizable non-western cultures in the world. Those same historical forces also led to the many differences in language, beliefs, and culture throughout parts of Japan. While modernization has eliminated many of the gaps, there are still plenty of differences to experience and enjoy.

This past week I had the opportunity to travel to Miyagi prefecture for the first time. Like many prefectures in the north of Honshu, Miyagi was hit by the 2011 tsunami with Sendai in particular being hard hit. The differences between small-island Okinawa and the plains and mountains of Miyagi were instantly obvious. From Sendai airport, the ground stretches away in all directions. Mostly farm land, the flat basin is nearly devoid of buildings so that I was astounded by the open spaces I hadn’t really experienced since being in the States.

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In Okinawa, space is at a premium; so many areas are highly urbanized. Where there are fields, they are usually in smaller pockets hidden among urban settings. The few areas of low-lying land are taken up by sugar cane which disrupts the horizon, unlike rice fields which stretch away as far as one can see. From the flat areas, however, the geography shifts again, climbing quickly into valleys and forested mountains. Everywhere was rustic and green, with the road snaking past hidden villages that reminded me a lot of Sedona, Arizona.

IMG_7274We stayed in Zao Town, Miyagi for two days for the Daido-ge Festival. I’ll cover the festival in-depth next week, but I was travelling with a group of Eisa performers who go each year to perform during the two-day festival. It was a great experience.

There are two Zao Towns in Tohoku. One is in Yamagata Prefecture. This town was small and is known for skiing and kokeshi. The former is a small wooden doll with thin, rounded body and larger head. IMG_7880The dolls are said to have originated from Zao Town’s local onsen and then spread to other parts of Japan. Since the weather is far cooler there in the mountains than far in the south, the onsen is a welcome way to warm up and relax. There is a popular foot bath outside the onsen where travelers can stop and bathe tired feet in a stream of hot water.

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IMG_7073Miyagi Prefecture is known for its beef tongue (gyu ton) dishes, but I found another local specialty right across the street from the onsen. Konyaku is a root based starch without much taste or a lot of nutrients, but it is a cheap way to fill the belly. It’s usually served in other dishes as a kind of filler. In Zao Town, specifically the To-gatta area, they served konyaku balls that had marinated in a sauce of dashi, roots and other ingredients to give it a golden color and hearty taste. These tabakon were served on skewers and were popular throughout the festival (they were 100 yen for a stick of 3).

IMG_7264There were other unique differences as well, especially among architecture, yet there were a lot of similarities as well. Everyone I met was warm and welcoming despite the fact I was only there to photograph and was not a performer. I was welcomed to all the post-festival events and the locals were as warm and curious as any I’ve met in Okinawa. I would have loved to stay longer, see more of the surrounding areas, and explore the famous sights, but it was also very interesting to spend two days on essentially one stretch of street. If you have the chance, take a drive through this area of orchards, you’ll be glad you did.

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2013 Kume Island Firefly Festival

IMG_4730Most small communities throughout Japan have several festivals throughout the year to celebrate milestones along the way.  The largest festivals are usually derivatives of the traditional harvest festival, while smaller festivals usually are tied to specific events.  On Kume Island, the start of spring is marked by the arrival of fireflies.

Since Kumejima has its own species of firefly, they have become an important symbol of the island.  The official character is even a Kumejima Firefly.  Aside from Kume Island, fireflies are deeply rooted in Okinawan culture.   Fireflies thrive in wetlands, and throughout the islands, they would mark the start of spring.  If  you’ve ever ridden the Okinawa monorail, you might notice songs played to distract nervous riders whenever the monorail turns.  At the turn before Tsubogawa station, there is a song that echoes the pattern of lights the fireflies make as they fly.

 

Jin Jin Road

IMG_4621On Kume Island there is a road along the kanegusuku area full of shops, stores, and restaurants.  Every year the association of owners shuts down the street to vehicles and host the Kume Island Firefly festival.  The street is lined with paper lanterns, and restaurants set out tables and stalls to sell food.  Children draw with chalk along the road, festival games like darts, fishing, and other games are out and a stage is set up for entertainment.

IMG_4568This year, the event started around 4:00 on April 27.    There were a surprisingly large number of students, far more than I usually see around the other events on the island.  The local school band started off the entertainment with popular show tunes and other music.  Throughout the evening there were also live eisa performances, a signing group from Minamidaito called Borijinaru Musume, chugging competitions (soda for kids, beer for the adults), arm wrestling, and a small band to cap things off.

They also revealed the new official mascot for Kume Island, a cute Kume Island Firefly with a tsumugi patterned front.

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While this festival doesn’t have the long history and ritual appeal of older festivals, it is a fun way to relax and enjoy a carnival atmosphere while providing local businesses a much-needed boost from local and tourist spending.

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Nakasato Elementary Exchange (Winter) Part 2

This is the second part of this post.  Checkout the first part too!  Don’t miss the video at the end.

Every winter fourteen fifth grade elementary students from Kume Island’s 6 elementary schools travel to Toakamachi.  In the summer, a group of Tokamachi students from 3 elementary schools return to visit Okinawa.  In 2013, I was invited along as one of Kumejima’s representatives (read cameraman).  I live-tweeted the event and you can catch a record of the trip here (I know, strange title but we left on Valentine’s Day).

IMG_5180The first and last days of the trip were mostly travel.  Though Japan’s system is convenient, it took us two flights, four trains, and a bus to travel between Kumejima and Tokamachi. If you’re starting out from Tokyo, you would have a much shorter trip, but that goes for just about anywhere inter-regional.

That first night everyone stayed at a local Japanese-style inn were guests were welcomed to their rooms with a local variation of sasa dango.  They were tea flavored mochi filled with azuki bean paste and wrapped in tea leaves.  Unlike other dango, they weren’t skewered or wrapped in bamboo leaves (sasa is a type of bamboo).

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IMG_5589We had dinner together with many dishes featuring local foods.  Many of the dishes included river fish, which the Kumejima students had rarely, if ever, eaten.  There were small dishes of everything from sushi to tempura.

The second day marked the real start of the exchange. We ate breakfast together, this time at a breakfast room rather than in the large tatami room from the previous night. Like dinner, the breakfast was a wide assortment of small dishes.

After breakfast, we walked over to a local school for the opening speeches by local officials and students of both regions.  Students formally exchanged presents.  Our students gave miso and sugar cane cookies, kokuto, and Okinawan doughnuts, while the Tokamachi students gave green tea cakes.  Later, the Kumejima students and teachers broke up into three groups to go to the three local schools.

Opening ceremonies at school

I went with two of our students to a school with just over 30 students.  Fifth year students from both schools presented their local culture and landmarks to a gathering of the entire school.  The Kumejima students worked hard to memorize speeches about themselves and their homes.  If for no other reason, it gave the students a good chance to practice public speaking and build confidence in talking to people outside their usual group dynamics.

After the presentations, and a song from the students, we were given a tour of the school, followed by lunch.  The school we were at was small enough and remote enough to have a lunchroom rather than the more common family style dining in their classrooms.  Our meal was a beef bowl with salad and a chocolate cake.

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IMG_6402After lunch, the students played organized games in the gym.  One was similar to “red light, green light” but with a lot more variations, such as “go to sleep,” “sit,” etc.  We were treated to another recorder performance and then it was time to go outside.  Each school had different activities for their visitors.  At the school we visited they ‘let’ us have a try at snow shoveling for a bit before a scavenger hunt for candy in a snow-covered field.  I routinely sank down to my knees or higher.

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When all the candy was found, we sledded down a steep hill behind the school.  At one of the larger schools, the students build snowmen and had a ‘dodgeball’ fight with snowballs. There were also relay races and plenty of other games for the tropical kids to enjoy.

School ended and the students departed with their host families.  Each student spent the rest of the evening with their counter part’s family.  The teachers and staff went back to the ryokan to plan for the next year and have a welcoming ceremony.  It was interesting to see the differences in culture between Okinawa and Niigata during the event.

IMG_6749In Okinawa, its common for people to do a “cheers” when they walk over to talk to you.  They say “kanpai” and clink glasses before drinking.  In Niigata, it is more common for the hosts to arrive with a bottle and pour more in your drink and encourage you to drink as they chat.  The local songs and dances were also quite different.  The night ended with a “bonsai” which I’ve never seen in Okinawa.

The third day we met our students and their host families at the nearby Nakasato ski resort.  We all spent the morning skiing (I snowboarded).  Our students were taught by their host parents and a group of ski instructors while the teachers were herded along by some of the local organizers.  It was windy and snowed through most of the morning, creating wonderful powder conditions.

We had lunch at the resort, it seems curry rice is common since we had the same thing while skiing on the Junior High school trip.  After lunch, the teachers and students once again split up.  Students went with their host families.  Some went shopping, others hit some of the many local onsen, while others visited the snow festival.  The teachers were treated to some amazing tickets at the Tokamachi Snow Festival.

Our last day started at the school where we met our students and had a farewell ceremony with more speeches.  The bus ride back to Eichigo-yuzawa station was a spectacular view of the wide open rice fields and towering mountains… all covered in a clean cover of new snow.  We followed the same course we had taken to get there and eventually landed safely on Kumejima later that evening.  Along the way I got my first views of Mt. Fuji and the Sky Tree in the distance.

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I felt I got a lot from the trip, so I know it will have a huge impact on the students who were lucky enough to go.  It is sure to give them great memories, more confidence, and a desire to seek out more information about the greater world.  A few days after the trip, the students presented to the rest of Kumejima’s fifth graders so that the experiences could be shared as widely as possible.

To show my gratitude, I made sure every student got a CD of all the pictures I took during the trip plus a video I cut from that taken from one of the organizers. A short version is below.  Thanks for reading!

Nakasato Elementary Exchange (Winter) Part 1

Japan is _____________.

Japanese people eat ____________.

In Japan, everyone wears ___________.

When you hear “Japan” what do you think of?  What images come to your mind?  Before I began studying Japan, I thought of swords, anime, rice and green mountains.  Like many people, I thought of Japan through the stereotypes I picked up from television and books.  Anyone who doesn’t specialize is bound to think of another country by the most easily recognizable differences from their home culture.

Yet Japan is diverse.  Most of Japan’s long history, during which all its unique culture developed, happened before cars and easy transportation.  That fact, plus its island geography has created many opportunities for difference that NHK (Japan’s national television and radio broadcaster), trains, and the internet have yet to make fully disappear. NHK has had a huge impact on language, dress, and some social customs, yet one thing is still beyond its reach.

The weather.

Nakasato Exchange

Japan’s geography has created some vastly different climates given the relatively short distances between most places in Japan.  This great difference is at the core of an exchange program between two towns in Japan.  Every year, Kumejima-cho and Tokamachi City trade students so that they can experience the vast difference in climate and the changes in culture it imposes on local life.  As with every exchange program, its goal is to create more aware youth and stronger ties between the local people and wider world.

Tokamachi

Since Tokamachi is located in Niigata Prefecture on the western side of Japan, it gets a lot of rain, and in the winter, a lot of snowfall.  The high mountains and rough weather have led to small towns, yet the heavy snowfall also means rich farmland and other local resources.  The heavy snowfall leads to mineral rich soil when the snow melts.  The soil then lets farmers produce some superior crops.

One of the crops is carrot. I know.  A carrot is a carrot is a carrot.  Then you go to Niigata and eat something that looks like a carrot, smells like one, has the firm texture of one, but tastes far sweeter and has more flavor than any carrot you’ve ever tasted before. Seriously.

Then there’s the rice.  Rice is a staple in Japanese cuisine.  And in a country where rice can be as diverse as coffee, the region has become famous for its delicious rice.  Rice is a heavy water consuming plant, which also means its easier to farm there where water is plentiful.  Not only is rice exported considered delicious, but locals will tell you it is even better eaten locally due to the quality of the local water when boiling the rice.

IMG_6750Rice and the quality of water are also the two most important ingredients in a traditional drink so well-known that much of the world knows the Japanese word for sake.  In Niigata’s case, Nihonshu or rice wine is produced by several companies in the region and is highly regarded.

Despite those claims to fame, the snow beats out the rest by sheer popularity, if not by the locals who have to shovel it, then by the thousands of tourists who trek to the region to snowboard, ski, and sled.  Japan’s train system and many domestic airlines makes it surprisingly easy to travel, which means Tokyoites can pop over for a weekend of skiing at any number of resorts throughout the long winter season.

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The huge quantities of snow have also led to the Tokamachi Snow Festival.

IMG_5421Unfortunately, not all the snow can be turned into art.  There is so much each year that pipes run through most streets and parking lots.  These pipes shoot out warm salt water to melt snow and keep the roads clear through the night.  This was perhaps the biggest surprise to me as someone who grew up in a desert.  The ‘waste’ of water is so huge that it boggles my mind, though I’m sure they deal with it in an effective manner.

The huge quantity of water and large elevation changes even mean that hydroelectric generators can produce much of the area’s power needs in a relatively environmentall

IMG_6125All of these Tokamachi features has led to students who speak the same language as other Japanese students, still play in much the same way and wear some of the same clothes, but whose lives in the winter are far different from those far to the south.

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Checkout the second part of this article, with more pictures, video, and things Japanese.

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